Machine vision / Articles
Machine vision, explained with numbers.
Practical guides on AOI, vision AI, and automated inspection from CODETRACE engineers. Costs, detection rates, and the trade-offs vendors don't put in brochures.
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AOI vs Manual Inspection: Where the Costs Actually Sit
Detection rates, fatigue research, machine pricing, and the break-even formula for deciding when automated optical inspection pays off on your line.
02OptimisationReducing AOI False Calls Without Letting Defects Escape
Why 30–80% of AOI calls are false, what verification really costs, and how to tune them down without opening defect escape paths.
03Detection ratesYour Inspectors Catch 4 in 5 Defects. The Fifth One Ships.
The best human inspectors top out near 80% detection — a limit set by biology, not training. Why the fifth defect escapes, and what a camera changes.
04AOI basicsWhat AOI Actually Does: Six Inspection Jobs on One Line
Detect, measure, verify, read, guide, sort — the six jobs one camera runs, how it decides pass or fail against a known-good reference, and which one to automate first.
05Technology2D vs 3D AOI: When Flat Imaging Misses the Defect
Flat imaging photographs the board; structured light measures its shape. The height-defined defects 2D cannot see, and the honest limit where 3D still stops.
06Decision guideRule-Based vs Deep-Learning Vision: Which One Your Defect Needs
Six axes that settle it: defect variability, sample size, cycle time, measurement, changeover, auditability. Including where rule-based is still the cheaper, right call.
07ImagingLine-Scan vs Area-Scan Cameras: Choosing by Part Speed and Size
Two worked examples with real numbers: a film web at 500 mm/s, and a connector at 60 parts a minute. Why the camera is step three, not step one.
08Buyer's guideHow to Choose an AOI Vendor in Malaysia: 8 Questions Before You Sign
The eight questions that separate an inspection partner from an equipment reseller, four answers that should worry you, and what a feasibility study must deliver.
09Machine buildOff-the-Shelf AOI vs Custom-Built: Why Catalogue Machines Fail on Odd Parts
Standard AOI measures to 5 mm, odd-form systems to 25 mm. Five places catalogue machines run out of geometry, and when off-the-shelf is genuinely enough.
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